MacOS

To display notifications via command line you can use the tool terminal-notifier which can be found here: https://github.com/julienXX/terminal-notifier. It is best to install the ruby gem to be able to easily execute the command with terminal-notifier <parameters>
Watch filesystem for changes in files or directories: use fswatch, install it using Homebrew: brew install fswatch, see https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1515730/is-there-a-command-like-watch-or-inotifywait-on-the-mac]
Install GNU sed with Homebrew: brew install gnu-sed
Monitor file system: sudo fs_usage -w
To update software from the Appstore using the command line, use the command: sudo softwareupdate -iva
To mount sshfs onto Mac use: brew cask install osxfuse; brew install sshfs, see https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-use-sshfs-to-mount-remote-file-systems-over-ssh

Change settings for Finder

Show full file path in Finder: defaults write com.apple.finder _FXShowPosixPathInTitle -bool YES; killall Finder
Eliminate the Dock Reveal Delay
- No animation: defaults write com.apple.dock autohide-time-modifier -int 0;killall Dock
- Super-fast animation: defaults write com.apple.dock autohide-time-modifier -float 0.12;killall Dock
- Revert to default: defaults delete com.apple.dock autohide-time-modifier;killall Dock

Install the tools by calling brew install <package> whereas <package> can be one of the following:

translate-shell - Tool to translate text using Google Translator or other translation services - https://www.soimort.org/translate-shell/

Getting rid of "Last login" in terminal - in terminal type touch ~/.hushlogin. This will prevent showing the last login.